Indeed, Feinberg et al. have recently shown that both fundamental and formant frequencies are integrated in women’s preferences for men’s voices. While pitch is determined by vibration of the vocal chords, formant frequency is determined by the resonant frequency of air in the vocal tract. Importantly, vocal chord and vocal tract lengths are both influenced by testosterone. We therefore see our findings as preliminary, and argue that further study of the potential life-history trade-off Doxorubicin between human mate attraction and reproductive health will prove fruitful. In conclusion, our data support the view that women perceive men with low pitched voices as masculine and attractive. However, we find no support for the phenotype-linked fertility hypothesis. On the contrary, our data suggest a potential trade-off between men’s attractiveness and sperm production that warrants consideration in future research. Living organisms coordinate biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes with alternating day and night cycles and respond to the daily oscillations in environmental conditions by specific adjustment in their metabolism and growth. In plants, due to their sessile nature, extensive circadian clock networks regulate almost every biological process, critically affecting plant fitness and adaptation. The daily alternations between light and darkness cause massive changes in the carbon budget of leaves with the complex relationships between transcript levels, enzyme activities, and diurnal metabolism of starch. During the day phase of photoperiod translation rates for numerous proteins and central metabolic enzymes are increased. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana the estimated rates of protein synthesis are 50–150% higher in the light phase of the photoperiod, which correlates with 50–100% increase in the activities of the key enzymes involved in the light-stimulated metabolism. Measurements of distribution of ribosomes between the free and polysomal fractions in the same study indicated that protein synthesis was about twofold lower in the dark period than in the light period. Decrease in the ribosomal occupancy of transcripts had also been observed in the plant leaves during nights. However, the molecular mechanisms modulating changes in the steady state of plant protein synthesis during day and night cycles are poorly understood. The eukaryotic protein translation is mainly controlled at the level of initiation, which involves multiple events of protein phosphorylation. In higher plants the changes in phosphorylation status of ribosomal protein S6 were found responsible for rapid adjustments in their growth patterns under environmental changes. Accumulation of hyper-phosphorylated isoforms of the S6 protein was found elevated in root tips of maize in conditions of cold stress, while it has been reduced in response to oxygen deprivation and heat shock. Arrest in translation initiation of photosynthetic transcripts at 80S cytoplasmic ribosomes caused by singlet oxygen production induced in barely correlated with a decline in the phosphorylation level of the ribosomal protein S6. A plant hormone auxin, known as a stimulator of protein synthesis in many plant tissues, enhanced S6 protein phosphorylation on the 40S ribosomal subunit in maize embryonic axes in line with selectively increased ribosomal protein synthesis.