The accumulation period of condensed tannins was the brown pigment in cotton fiber might be the chinone compound oxidated from condensed tannins

Delivery systems were developed using macromolecules such as albumin, transferrin, IgG, a2-macroglobulin and ovomucoid of chicken eggwhite, and some have entered clinical trials. In addition to the aforementioned macromolecular materials, polyethylene glycol has become a material of great interests due to its low toxicity, low immunogenicity and high biocompatibility. The molecular weight of PEG used in forming macromolecular prodrugs would impact the in vivo behaviors of the conjugates because the retention time of the prodrugs increased with the molecular weight of the carriers. Prolonged retention of the prodrug is critical to the tumor accumulation of the therapeutic agents loaded. However, for linear PEG macromolecules, the number of available hydroxyl groups for drug coupling does not change with the length of the polymeric chain, which limits the application of PEG for drug conjugation purposes. Therefore,the development of new PEG derivatives to improve its drug loading efficiency has become a hot topic in material science and is of great significance to the tumor-targeted delivery of small molecular agents and 4-arm PEG derivatives were thus developed, and the 4-arm PEG based prodrugs have entered clinical trials with promising results. For small molecular drugs such as 5-Fu, treatment requires a high therapeutic concentration, while the macromolecular based prodrugs have a relatively low drug loading efficiency. Thus, the modification of linear PEG creates derivatives with high drug loading efficiency which will have great significance for anticancer drug development. In this study, a macromolecular prodrug, 5-fluorouracil-1 acidPAE derivative, was designed and synthesized to increase the drug loading efficiency, achieve delivery to the tumor and prolong the retention time. PEG with a molecular weight of 38 kDa was selected as the starting material to obtain the multihydroxyl PEG derivative, which was then coupled with 5- fluorouracil-1 acetic acid, to afford the prodrug. The in vitro drug release, pharmacokinetics, in vivo distribution and antitumor effect of the prodrug were investigated, respectively. Upland XAV939 cotton is the largest natural fiber producer of the plants. In recent years, interest in naturally colored cotton has grown because it may reduce pollution, making it preferable to white fiber which requires a dyeing process. However, its commercial application is very limited due to the lack of fiber color diversity and low fiber quality. Limited brown and green fiber lines, among other varieties, have been used in the textile industry. A previous study demonstrated that there was a significant negative correlation between the degree of fiber color and lint percentage and fiber quality traits in cotton. Therefore, subsequent studies should focus on improving the fiber quality and revealing the underlying mechanisms for pigmentation formation in naturally colored cotton. Early genetic analysis suggested that the brown color of cotton fiber was controlled by one incompletely dominant major gene. Furthermore, gene expression analysis and dimethylaminocinnaldehyde staining showed that tannins could be the key chemical responsible for the brown color in cotton fiber.

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