Expression of At1G68780 was detected weakly throughout the inflorescence meristem and PD 0332991 floral stages 1�C2. During floral stage 3 expression was strongly detected within the sepal primordia. During floral stages 6 through 8, At1G68780 is most strongly detected in apical portions of the gynoecium throughout both medial and lateral domains. Gynoecial expression was significantly reduced in the stage 7 seu ant double mutant gynoecia. Expression was detected in wild type flowers throughout petal development during floral stages 5 through 12. Expression within the petals was reduced in the ant single mutant relative to wild type at stage 11. Here we report the transcriptomic signature of the seu ant double mutant gynoecium relative to wild type and single mutant gynoecia in an effort to characterize both the set of genes important forCMM development and those that are synergistically regulated by the coordinated activities of the SEU and ANT transcriptional regulators. We have identified a diverse set of transcripts displaying altered expression levels in the seu ant double mutant tissues. Our in situ hybridization analyses indicate that many of these genes are preferentially expressed within the medial domain of the wild type gynoecia further suggesting a role for these genes duringCMMdevelopment. Members of the AtGRF gene family encode proteins with a conserved QLQ domain that functions as a protein/protein interaction domain and a conserved WRC domain that functions as a LY2835219 nuclear localization signal and contains a putative DNA binding C3H motif. AtGIF1 encodes a transcriptional co-regulator that physically interacts with members of the AtGRF family. The AtGIF and AtGRF family members are thus likely to support cell proliferation required for the lateral expansion of the leaf blade. Additionally, mutations in AtGIF1 reduce female fertility and this effect was enhanced as the dosage of wild type GRF family members was reduced in the gif1 mutant background. Recently, it has been observed that an AtGIF triple mutant, gif1 gif2 gif3, develops unfused gynoecia, that lack replum and septal tissues, and contain fewer ovules These results support a role for AtGIF1 and AtGRF family members in female reproductive development. Although in situ hybridization is only a semi-quantitative technique, in most cases the reductions in gene expression in the single and double mutants that were detected in the ATH1 microarray and qRT PCR analyses were confirmed in our in situ hybridization experiments. The in situ hybridization technique is advantageous in that it allows a finer spatial and temporal characterization of the expression differences between the genotypes. In many cases, our in situ hybridization experiments revealed a reduction in gene expression of a candidate gene before an alteration in gynoecial or ovule morphology was apparent in the mutant tissue. In these cases it is unlikely that the reduction of transcript level is simply due to a loss of the tissue in the mutant.