Interestingly, beauvericin and fusaric acid were found to be toxins produced by Foc during invasive growth in banana. Both toxins were detected in the all tissues of banana with fusarium wilt symptoms including CP-456773 sodium salt pseudostems, fruit and leaves, and the contents in banana roots were well correlated with virulence of the isolates of Foc. GA produced by the rice pathogen F. fujikuroi accounts for ��bakanae�� disease of rice. Wiemann P et al. revealed that GA biosynthesis genes are present in some related species, but GA synthesis is limited to F. fujikuroi. Also, they found the SM product of the PKS19 cluster that is unique to F. fujikuroi plays a special role during rice infection. In the present study, 32 and 34 backbone genes were identified in the assemblies of Foc1 and Foc4, respectively. 2 backbone genes are unique in Foc1 versus 4 in Foc4. We also identified putative 26 and 30 gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites for Foc1 and Foc4, respectively. Functions of the majority of SMs derived gene clusters are largely unknown, some of the gene clusters were putatively involved in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites including beauvericin, Fusaric acid, Fusarin C, Fumonisin and Fusarubin. Moreover, a number of putative SMs backbone genes in Foc are orthologous to the virulence-associated genes that were experimentally proven to be involved in secondary metabolites in other fungi. For instance, Foc1g11839 and Foc4g01275 are homologous to the polyketide synthases ALB1 and other four homologs that was UNC2881 characterized to be involved in regulation of virulence of Aspergillus fumigatus, Cercospora nicotianae, Colletotrichum lagenarium and other fungal pathogens. Similarly, Foc1g07907 and Foc4g04228 are homologous to the avirulence protein ACE1 that is involved in secondary metabolism in Magnaporthe grisea. We also found that Foc1g06330 and Foc4g02522 are homologs of the cyclic peptide synthetases HTS1 from the maize pathogen fungus Cochliobolus carbonum and AMT from Alternaria alternata apple pathotype that is involved in AM-toxin synthesis and pathogenicity.